-
1 Virtual University
மெய்நிகர் பல்கலைக்கழகம் -
2 Coimbra, University of
Portugal's oldest and once its most prestigious university. As one of Europe's oldest seats of learning, the University of Coimbra and its various roles have a historic importance that supersedes merely the educational. For centuries, the university formed and trained the principal elites and professions that dominated Portugal. For more than a century, certain members of its faculty entered the central government in Lisbon. A few, such as law professor Afonso Costa, mathematics instructor Sidônio Pais, anthropology professor Bernardino Machado, and economics professor Antônio de Oliveira Salazar, became prime ministers and presidents of the republic. In such a small country, with relatively few universities until recently, Portugal counted Coimbra's university as the educational cradle of its leaders and knew its academic traditions as an intimate part of national life.Established in 1290 by King Dinis, the university first opened in Lisbon but was moved to Coimbra in 1308, and there it remained. University buildings were placed high on a hill, in a position thatphysically dominates Portugal's third city. While sections of the medieval university buildings are present, much of what today remains of the old University of Coimbra dates from the Manueline era (1495-1521) and the 17th and 18th centuries. The main administration building along the so-called Via Latina is baroque, in the style of the 17th and 18th centuries. Most prominent among buildings adjacent to the central core structures are the Chapel of São Miguel, built in the 17th century, and the magnificent University Library, of the era of wealthy King João V, built between 1717 and 1723. Created entirely by Portuguese artists and architects, the library is unique among historic monuments in Portugal. Its rare book collection, a monument in itself, is complemented by exquisite gilt wood decorations and beautiful doors, windows, and furniture. Among visitors and tourists, the chapel and library are the prime attractions to this day.The University underwent important reforms under the Pombaline administration (1750-77). Efforts to strengthen Coimbra's position in advanced learning and teaching by means of a new curriculum, including new courses in new fields and new degrees and colleges (in Portugal, major university divisions are usually called "faculties") often met strong resistance. In the Age of the Discoveries, efforts were made to introduce the useful study of mathematics, which was part of astronomy in that day, and to move beyond traditional medieval study only of theology, canon law, civil law, and medicine. Regarding even the advanced work of the Portuguese astronomer and mathematician Pedro Nunes, however, Coimbra University was lamentably slow in introducing mathematics or a school of arts and general studies. After some earlier efforts, the 1772 Pombaline Statutes, the core of the Pombaline reforms at Coimbra, had an impact that lasted more than a century. These reforms remained in effect to the end of the monarchy, when, in 1911, the First Republic instituted changes that stressed the secularization of learning. This included the abolition of the Faculty of Theology.Elaborate, ancient traditions and customs inform the faculty and student body of Coimbra University. Tradition flourishes, although some customs are more popular than others. Instead of residing in common residences or dormitories as in other countries, in Coimbra until recently students lived in the city in "Republics," private houses with domestic help hired by the students. Students wore typical black academic gowns. Efforts during the Revolution of 25 April 1974 and aftermath to abolish the wearing of the gowns, a powerful student image symbol, met resistance and generated controversy. In romantic Coimbra tradition, students with guitars sang characteristic songs, including Coimbra fado, a more cheerful song than Lisbon fado, and serenaded other students at special locations. Tradition also decreed that at graduation graduates wore their gowns but burned their school (or college or subject) ribbons ( fitas), an important ceremonial rite of passage.The University of Coimbra, while it underwent a revival in the 1980s and 1990s, no longer has a virtual monopoly over higher education in Portugal. By 1970, for example, the country had only four public and one private university, and the University of Lisbon had become more significant than ancient Coimbra. At present, diversity in higher education is even more pronounced: 12 private universities and 14 autonomous public universities are listed, not only in Lisbon and Oporto, but at provincial locations. Still, Coimbra retains an influence as the senior university, some of whose graduates still enter national government and distinguished themselves in various professions.An important student concern at all institutions of higher learning, and one that marked the last half of the 1990s and continued into the next century, was the question of increased student fees and tuition payments (in Portuguese, propinas). Due to the expansion of the national universities in function as well as in the size of student bodies, national budget constraints, and the rising cost of education, the central government began to increase student fees. The student movement protested this change by means of various tactics, including student strikes, boycotts, and demonstrations. At the same time, a growing number of private universities began to attract larger numbers of students who could afford the higher fees in private institutions, but who had been denied places in the increasingly competitive and pressured public universities. -
3 VU
1) Военный термин: Virtually Useless, vehicle unit, very urgent, вспомогательная эскадрилья (ВМС)2) Техника: volts unsafe3) Химия: Volume Units4) Грубое выражение: Velvet Underground5) Сокращение: Vanuatu6) Университет: Virtual University7) Вычислительная техника: Virtual User8) Транспорт: Vertical Unlimited9) СМИ: Vocabulary University10) Полимеры: volume unit11) Сахалин Ю: plant air, utility air12) Расширение файла: Voice Unit13) Нефть и газ: vacuum unit14) Фармация: viable unit -
4 vu
1) Военный термин: Virtually Useless, vehicle unit, very urgent, вспомогательная эскадрилья (ВМС)2) Техника: volts unsafe3) Химия: Volume Units4) Грубое выражение: Velvet Underground5) Сокращение: Vanuatu6) Университет: Virtual University7) Вычислительная техника: Virtual User8) Транспорт: Vertical Unlimited9) СМИ: Vocabulary University10) Полимеры: volume unit11) Сахалин Ю: plant air, utility air12) Расширение файла: Voice Unit13) Нефть и газ: vacuum unit14) Фармация: viable unit -
5 UOA
1) Спорт: United Officials Association2) Университет: University Of Alberta, University of Americas, a Global Virtual University3) Фирменный знак: United Oriental Assurance, Bhd4) Общественная организация: United Ostomy Association -
6 VUG
1) Университет: Virtual University Gazette2) Фирменный знак: Vivendi Universal Games3) Программное обеспечение: Virtual bUG -
7 vug
1) Университет: Virtual University Gazette2) Фирменный знак: Vivendi Universal Games3) Программное обеспечение: Virtual bUG -
8 MVU
1) Статистика: Minimum Variance Unbiased2) Университет: Maharishi Vedic University, Michigan Virtual University3) Транспорт: Motor Vehicle Use4) Аэропорты: Musgrave, Queensland, Australia -
9 TVU
1) Сокращение: Thai Vegetarian Union2) Университет: Tamil Virtual University, Thames Valley University3) Физиология: Transvaginal Ultrasound4) СМИ: TeleVision Unit -
10 AVU
1) Общая лексика: African Virtual University2) Аэропорты: Avu Avu, Solomon Islands -
11 VUJ
1) Университет: Virtual University Journal2) Аэропорты: Albemarle Stanly County Airport, Albemarle, North Carolina USA -
12 VPL
1) Компьютерная техника: Visual Programming Language2) Военный термин: Virtual Processing Laboratory, variable pulse laser, vendor parts list3) Шутливое выражение: Visible Panty Liner4) Ветеринария: Veterinary Products Laboratories5) Грубое выражение: Visible Panty Lines6) Университет: Virtual Physics Laboratory, Northwestern University7) Вычислительная техника: Visual Programming Languages, Voxel Public License, Virtual Path Link (UNI, ATM)8) Иммунология: Visual Perception Laboratory, University of Chicago9) Сетевые технологии: Virtual Path Link10) Расширение файла: Virtual Programming Language12) Электротехника: Voltage protection Level13) Библиотечное дело: Vancouver Public Library, Vaughan Public Libraries, View, Purchase, Loan -
13 VTU
1) Военный термин: volunteer training unit2) Техника: vent unit3) Университет: Virginia Tech Union, Virginia Tech University4) Электроника: Video Timing Unit5) Фирменный знак: Vaughn Technologies Unlimited, Virtual Trading University6) Производство: Vacuum Transfer Unit8) НАСА: Verification and Test for Upgrade -
14 AEVL
-
15 UVI
1) Американизм: UltraViolet Index2) Техника: ultraviolet irradiation, universal video interface3) Университет: University of the Virgin Islands4) Транспорт: Under Vehicle Inspection system5) Фирменный знак: Universal Virtual Instrument, Universal Vortex, Inc.6) Экология: UV Index (УФ-индекс)7) НАСА: Ultra- Violet Imaging -
16 UVN
1) Компьютерная техника: Universal Virtual Memory2) Спорт: Utah Valley Nobs3) Университет: University Video Network4) Физиология: Unilateral Visual Neglect5) Фирменный знак: Underwater Video North6) СМИ: United Vision Network -
17 VAU
1) Спорт: Very Arrogant Umpire2) Военный термин: vertical accelerometer unit3) Шутливое выражение: Vampires Among Us4) Юридический термин: Victims Assistance Unit5) Образование: Virtual Assistance University6) Нефть и газ: dressed vessels -
18 VGU
1) Компьютерная техника: Video Graphics Unit2) Спорт: Video Game Union, Video Game Update3) Университет: Virtual Global University4) Фирменный знак: Video Gaming Universe -
19 VIU
1) Компьютерная техника: Video Interface Unit2) Военный термин: vehicles in use, voice intercommunications unit3) Сокращение: Vehicle Interface Unit4) Университет: Virginia International University5) Электротехника: vacuum interrupting unit6) НАСА: Visual Inspection Unit7) Программное обеспечение: Virtual Interface Unit -
20 VJU
1) Религия: Vassar Jewish Union2) Университет: Virtual Jewish University
- 1
- 2
См. также в других словарях:
Virtual university — The term virtual university is used to describe any organization that provides higher education programs through electronic devices such as the computer. Some of the Universities are real institutes, the bricks and mortar type that provide online … Wikipedia
Virtual University of Pakistan — The Virtual University of Pakistan is the first distance learning university in Pakistan based entirely on modern information and communication technologies. It was established by the Government of Pakistan as a public sector, not for profit… … Wikipedia
Tamil Virtual University — The Government of Tamil Nadu has established the Tamil Virtual University on 17 February 2001 as a Society, a unique and first of its kind in India, for providing internet based educational resources and opportunities for the Tamil diaspora as… … Wikipedia
Michigan Virtual University — Contents 1 Description 2 History 3 Programs 4 Services 5 External links … Wikipedia
Hong Kong Virtual University — (HKVU, 香港虛擬大學), formerly known Cyber University, started in 2001, is one of collaborative programs funded by Restructuring and Collaboration Fund of University Grants Committee. It is aimed to provide virtual campus for Hong Kong tertiary… … Wikipedia
Canadian Virtual University — Infobox University name = Canadian Virtual University (CVU) motto = Education online from accredited Canadian universities established = 2000 president = Denis Mayer Laurentian University students = 100,000 city = flagicon|Canada state = [… … Wikipedia
Syrian Virtual University — The Syrian Virtual University (الجامعة الإفتراضيّة السوريّة) is a Syrian educational institution established by the Syrian Ministry of Higher Education. It provides virtual education (using the internet) to students from around the world. It was… … Wikipedia
African Virtual University — Die African Virtual University (AVU) ist keine Universität im herkömmlichen Sinn, sondern ein satellitengestütztes Fernbildungs oder E Learning Programm dessen Ziel es ist, südlich der Sahara gelegenen afrikanischen Ländern den Zugriff auf… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Virtual education — refers to instruction in a learning environment where teacher and student are separated by time or space, or both, and the teacher provides course content through the use of methods such as course management applications, multimedia resources,… … Wikipedia
Virtual world — A virtual world is an online community that takes the form of a computer based simulated environment through which users can interact with one another and use and create objects.[1] The term has become largely synonymous with interactive 3D… … Wikipedia
Virtual Global University — The Virtual Global University (VGU) is a virtual university offering online distance education or virtual education on the Internet.OrganizationThe Virtual Global University (VGU) is a private organization founded in 2001 by 17 professors of… … Wikipedia
